堆栈数据结构|后进先出 (LIFO)

wufei123 2025-01-26 阅读:30 评论:0

- 推送（添加元素）：将元素添加到堆栈顶部。 - pop（删除元素）：从顶部删除元素。 - isfull：检查堆栈是否已达到其限制（在本例中为 10）。 - isempty：检查堆栈是否为空。 - 显示：显示堆栈元素。 1.示例：索引...

- 推送（添加元素）：将元素添加到堆栈顶部。
- pop（删除元素）：从顶部删除元素。
- isfull：检查堆栈是否已达到其限制（在本例中为 10）。
- isempty：检查堆栈是否为空。
- 显示：显示堆栈元素。

1.示例：
索引.html

PHP

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>stack | last in first out (lifo) or first in last out | - by sudhanshu gaikwad (filo)</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h3>stack in javascript</h3>
    <script>
      let data = [];

      // add an element to the array
      function addele(ele) {
        if (isfull()) {
          console.log("array is full, element can't be added!");
        } else {
          console.log("element added!");
          data.push(ele);
        }
      }

      // check if the array is full
      function isfull() {
        return data.length >= 10;
      }

      // remove an element from the array
      function remove() {
        if (isempty()) {
          console.log("array is empty, can't remove element!");
        } else {
          data.pop();
          console.log("element removed!");
        }
      }

      // check if the array is empty
      function isempty() {
        return data.length === 0;
      }

      // display the array elements
      function display() {
        console.log("updated array >> ", data);
      }

      // example usage
      addele(55);
      addele(85);
      addele(25);
      remove();
      display(); // [55, 85]
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

2.示例：
index2.html

PHP

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>what is stack in javascript | by sudhanshu gaikwad</title>
    <style>
      * {
        box-sizing: border-box;
      }

      body {
        font-family: "roboto condensed", sans-serif;
        background-color: #f4f4f4;
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center;
        height: 100vh;
      }

      .container {
        background-color: white;
        padding: 20px;
        border-radius: 10px;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        max-width: 400px;
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
      }

      h3 {
        color: #333;
        text-align: center;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
      }

      input {
        padding: 10px;
        width: calc(100% - 20px);
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        border: 1px solid #ccc;
        border-radius: 5px;
      }

      button {
        padding: 10px;
        margin: 10px 0;
        border: none;
        border-radius: 5px;
        background-color: #292f31;
        color: white;
        cursor: pointer;
        width: 100%;
      }

      button:hover {
        background-color: #e9e9ea;
        color: #292f31;
      }

      .message {
        margin-top: 15px;
        color: #333;
        font-size: 16px;
        text-align: center;
      }

      .footer {
        text-align: center;
        margin-top: 20px;
        font-size: 14px;
        color: #555;
      }

      /* responsive design */
      @media (max-width: 768px) {
        .container {
          padding: 15px;
          max-width: 90%;
        }

        button {
          font-size: 14px;
        }

        input {
          font-size: 14px;
        }
      }
    </style>
  </head>

  <body>
    <div class="container">
      <!-- title -->
      <h3>stack in javascript</h3>

      <!-- input section -->
      <input type="text" id="addele" placeholder="enter an element" />

      <!-- buttons section -->
      <button onclick="adddata()">add element</button>
      <button onclick="removeele()">remove element</button>
      <button onclick="display()">show array</button>

      <!-- message sections -->
      <div id="add" class="message"></div>
      <div id="remove" class="message"></div>
      <div id="display" class="message"></div>
    </div>

    <!-- footer with copyright symbol -->
    <div class="footer">
      &copy; 2024 sudhanshu developer | all rights reserved
    </div>

    <script>
      let data = [];

      // function to add an element to the stack
      function adddata() {
        let newele = document.getelementbyid("addele").value;

        if (isfull()) {
          document.getelementbyid("add").innerhtml = "array is full, element cannot be added!";
        } else if (newele.trim() === "") {
          document.getelementbyid("add").innerhtml = "please enter a valid element!";
        } else {
          data.push(newele);
          document.getelementbyid("add").innerhtml = `element "${newele}" added!`;
          document.getelementbyid("addele").value = ""; 
          console.log("current array: ", data); 
          display(); 
        }
      }

      function isfull() {
        return data.length >= 10;
      }

      function removeele() {
        if (isempty()) {
          document.getelementbyid("remove").innerhtml = "array is empty!";
        } else {
          let removedelement = data.pop();
          document.getelementbyid("remove").innerhtml = `element "${removedelement}" removed!`;
          console.log("current array: ", data);
          display(); 
        }
      }

      function isempty() {
        return data.length === 0;
      }

      function display() {
        let displayarea = document.getelementbyid("display");
        displayarea.innerhtml = ""; 
        if (data.length === 0) {
          displayarea.innerhtml = "no elements in the array!";
          console.log("array is empty.");
        } else {
          for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            displayarea.innerhtml += `element ${i + 1}: ${data[i]}<br>`;
          }
          console.log("displaying array: ", data); 
        }
      }
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

输出：

堆栈数据结构|后进先出 (LIFO)

带有用户输入的 c 语言堆栈

PHP

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#define max 10 

int data[max];
int top = -1;  

// function to check if the stack is full
bool isfull() {
    return top >= max - 1;
}

// function to check if the stack is empty
bool isempty() {
    return top == -1;
}

// function to add an element to the stack (push operation)
void addele() {
    int ele;
    if (isfull()) {
        printf("array is full, element can't be added!
");
    } else {
        printf("enter an element to add: ");
        scanf("%d", &ele); // read user input
        data[++top] = ele; // increment top and add element
        printf("element %d added!
", ele);
    }
}

// function to remove an element from the stack (pop operation)
void remove() {
    if (isempty()) {
        printf("array is empty, can't remove element!
");
    } else {
        printf("element %d removed!
", data[top--]); // remove element and decrement top
    }
}

// function to display all elements in the stack
void display() {
    if (isempty()) {
        printf("array is empty!
");
    } else {
        printf("updated array >> ");
        for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++) {
            printf("%d ", data[i]);
        }
        printf("
");
    }
}

int main() {
    int choice;
    do {
        printf("
1. add element
2. remove element
3. display stack
4. exit
");
        printf("enter your choice: ");
        scanf("%d", &choice); // read the user's choice

        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addele();
                break;
            case 2:
                remove();
                break;
            case 3:
                display();
                break;
            case 4:
                printf("exiting...
");
                break;
            default:
                printf("invalid choice! please select a valid option.
");
        }
    } while (choice != 4);

    return 0;
}

示例输出：

PHP

1. Add Element
2. Remove Element
3. Display Stack
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter an element to add: 55
Element 55 Added!

1. Add Element
2. Remove Element
3. Display Stack
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Updated Array >> 55 

1. Add Element
2. Remove Element
3. Display Stack
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Exiting...